Economic benefits of the Baltic Sea Action Plan – Revisiting the methodology of the welfare change assessment
Ewa Zawojska  1, *@  , Mikołaj Czajkowski  1@  
1 : University of Warsaw
* : Corresponding author

Although the Baltic Sea is a flagship case for studying major environmental perturbations and the efficacy of various management responses, only few studies to date have examined the monetary value of improvements to the Baltic Sea environment. In this paper, we revisit the estimates of Ahtiainen et al. (2014) – a large-scale contingent valuation study that focused on the social value of the Baltic Sea eutrophication reduction associated with the implementation of the Baltic Sea Action Plan (BSAP). With surveys administered to nearly 10,000 respondents in all Baltic Sea countries, it remains the most comprehensive valuation study of eutrophication to date. However, advances in the methodology of stated preference data analysis allow us to improve these estimates with respect to two important aspects. First, using the data from one country in which surveys were administered through both Computer Assisted Personal Interviews (CAPI) and Computer Assisted Web Interviews (CAWI), we control for the survey administration method and provide estimates that reflect respondents' Willingness To Pay as if in all countries it was elicited with the generally more reliable and recommended CAPI method. Second, we investigate multiple alternative model specifications and identify the one, which is the most flexible and fits the data best, resulting in more reliable and robust estimates of Willingness To Pay. Overall, our paper updates the estimated economic benefits of the implementation of the BSAP, providing a more robust basis for future analyses, various policy considerations and generally – an input for science-based management.


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